ZURICH, Switzerland: Switzerland heads into a high-stakes referendum on November 30 that will gauge whether one of the world's wealthiest nations has an appetite for sharply higher taxes on its wealthiest residents.

The proposal, put forward by the youth wing of the Social Democrats (JUSO), seeks a 50 percent levy on inherited assets valued at 50 million Swiss francs (US$62 million) or more, with the revenue earmarked for climate-related projects.

Swiss tax authorities say about 2,500 people hold fortunes above that threshold, representing a combined 500 billion francs. But with recent polls showing that as many as two-thirds of voters oppose the measure, it is widely expected to fail. Analysts say the margin of defeat will offer important clues about public sentiment on redistribution.

UBS CEO Sergio Ermotti said at a business event in Zurich last weekend that he hoped the measure would be rejected, adding, "But how it's rejected, what the outcome is, that's important. Because ... it does indicate where Switzerland is heading."

Switzerland is the world's largest hub for wealth management, though a Boston Consulting Group forecast suggests it could lose that position as early as this year. At the same time, voters have become increasingly focused on rising living costs; in 2024, they backed an additional month of pension payments for retirees despite affordability concerns.

If approved, the wealth-tax initiative would theoretically raise about 4 billion francs. JUSO leader Mirjam Hostetmann argues that the most affluent households contribute disproportionately to emissions, saying the 10 wealthiest Swiss families generate as much climate impact as most of the population combined.

Opponents warn that the tax could prompt wealthy residents to leave, ultimately reducing the country's tax base. The federal government has formally urged voters to reject the proposal.

"The initiative would greatly reduce Switzerland's attractiveness for wealthy individuals," Finance Minister Karin Keller-Sutter said last month.